FIREplanUK
Financial Independence

FI Number Calculator

Your Financial Independence Number is the portfolio size you need to retire and live off investments indefinitely. Based on the Trinity Study 4% rule, adjusted for UK inflation.

Your Details

£

How much do you spend per year?

4%

4% is the classic 'rule'. Lower = more conservative.

20 yrs
2.5%

BoE target: 2% | Historical CAGR since 1975 (inc. 70s/80s): 4.9%

The FI Number is calculated using the 4% rule ( Trinity Study): your portfolio needs to be 25× your annual expenses. At a 4% withdrawal rate, your portfolio historically survives 30+ years.

Your Financial Independence Number

FI Number (today's £)

£750,000

4% withdrawal rate

FI Number at Retirement

£1,228,962

Inflation-adjusted (+20 yrs)

Monthly Passive Income

£2,500

In today's money

Years to Retire

20

~2046

FI Number by Withdrawal Rate

3% SWR£1,000,00033× expenses
3.5% SWR£857,14329× expenses
4% SWR£750,00025× expenses
4.5% SWR£666,66722× expenses
5% SWR£600,00020× expenses

ISA Tip

Investing inside a Stocks & Shares ISA means all growth and withdrawals are 100% tax-free. With a £20,000/year limit, you can build your FI number without any capital gains or income tax. Model your ISA growth →

What is a Financial Independence Number?

Your FI Number (also called your FIRE number) is the total portfolio value that allows you to retire and withdraw a sustainable income indefinitely without ever running out of money. It's calculated as your annual expenses divided by your safe withdrawal rate (SWR).

The most commonly cited safe withdrawal rate is 4%, from the 1998 Trinity Study. At a 4% SWR, your FI Number is simply 25× your annual expenses. This means a £30,000/year lifestyle requires a £750,000 portfolio.

UK Inflation Adjustment

UK inflation averages around 3.5% historically (ONS CPI data 1975–2024), though the Bank of England targets 2%. Your FI number in today's money needs to be inflation-adjusted to reflect purchasing power at your actual retirement date.

ISA Advantage

If your FI portfolio is held inside a Stocks & Shares ISA, withdrawals are completely tax-free — no capital gains tax, no income tax. With £20,000/year to invest, you can build a significant ISA portfolio over time.